Kuyerera kweyero inowanzoshandiswa process control parameter mumaindasitiri ekugadzira maitiro. Parizvino, pane anodarika zana akasiyana ekuyerera mita pamusika. Vashandisi vanofanira kusarudza sei zvigadzirwa zvine mashandiro epamusoro uye mutengo? Nhasi, tichatora munhu wese kuti anzwisise maitiro ekuita kwemamita ekuyerera.
Kuenzanisa Kwekusiyana Kuyerera Mamita
Musiyano wekumanikidza mhando
Differential pressure measurement tekinoroji parizvino ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kuyerera yekuyeresa nzira, iyo inogona kuyera kuyerera kwe-single-phase fluid uye zvinwiwa pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekushanda. Muma1970, tekinoroji iyi yakamboverengera 80% yemugove wemusika. Iyo yekusiyanisa pressure flowmeter inowanzo umbwa nezvikamu zviviri, throttling mudziyo uye transmitter. Throttle devices, common orifice plates, nozzles, pitot tubes, uniform velocity tubes, etc. Basa remudziyo wekupuruzira nderekudzikisa mvura inoyerera uye kuita mutsauko pakati pekukwira kwayo nekudzika kwayo. Pakati pezvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvekukwenya, iyo orifice plate ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakareruka uye nyore kuisa. Zvisinei, ine zvinodikanwa zvakasimba pakugadzirisa zviyero. Chero bedzi iyo inogadziriswa uye yakaiswa maererano nezvinodiwa uye zvinodiwa, kuyerwa kwekuyerera kunogona kuitwa mukati mekusava nechokwadi kwehuwandu mushure mekuongororwa kwakakodzera, uye chaiyo yemvura yekuongorora haidiwi.
Ese madhirigi emidziyo ane yekusadzorereka yekurasikirwa kwekumanikidza. Iyo yakanyanya kudzvinyirira kurasikirwa ndiyo inopinza-yakagadzika orifice, iyo iri 25% -40% yemusiyano mukuru wechiridzwa. Kurasikirwa kwekumanikidzwa kwePitot chubhu idiki kwazvo uye inogona kufuratirwa, asi inonzwa zvakanyanya kune shanduko mune yemvura profiles.
Variable area type
Mumwe mumiririri wemhando iyi yekuyerera ndeye rotameter. Kubatsira kwayo kwakatanhamara ndeyekuti yakananga uye haidi simba rekunze rekupa pakuyera pa-saiti.
Rotameters yakakamurwa kuita girazi rotameters uye simbi chubhu rotameters zvinoenderana nekugadzira kwavo uye zvinhu. Girazi rotor flowmeter ine chimiro chiri nyore, nzvimbo ye rotor inonyatsooneka, uye iri nyore kuverenga. Inonyanya kushandiswa kune yakajairika tembiricha, yakajairika kumanikidza, pachena uye corrosive media, semhepo, gasi, argon, etc. Metal chubhu rotameters inowanzo shongedzerwa magineti yekubatanidza zviratidzo, inoshandiswa mukupisa kwakanyanya uye mamiriro ekumanikidza kwakanyanya, uye inogona kutumira masaini akajairwa kuti ashandiswe nemarekodha, nezvimwewo, kuyera kuwedzera kuyerera.
Parizvino, pane yakatwasuka nzvimbo inoyerera inoyerera ine yakaremerwa chitubu conical musoro pamusika. Iyo haina mhando yekukonyesa uye buffer chamber. Iyo ine chiyero chekuyera 100: 1 uye ine mutsara kubuda, iyo inonyanya kukodzera kuyerwa kwemhepo.
Oscillating
Vortex flowmeter inomiririra inomiririra oscillating kuyerera kwemamita. Iko kuisa chinhu chisina kurongeka munzira yekumberi kwemvura, uye mvura inoumba mitsetse miviri yeasymmetric vortex kuseri kwechinhu. Kuwanda kwechitima chevortex kunoenderana nekuyerera kwevelocity.
Hunhu hweiyi nzira yekuyera hapana zvikamu zvinofamba mupombi, kudzokorora kuverenga, kuvimbika kwakanaka, hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi, yakafara mitsara yekuyera renji, inenge isingakanganisike nekuchinja kwekushisa, kudzvanywa, density, viscosity, nezvimwe, uye kuderera kwekumanikidzwa kurasikirwa. Kururamisa kwepamusoro (inenge 0.5% -1%). Kupisa kwayo kwekushanda kunogona kusvika pamusoro pe300 ℃, uye kushanda kwayo kunogona kusvika pamusoro pe30MPa. Nekudaro, iyo fluid velocity kugovera uye pulsating kuyerera kuchakanganisa kuyerwa kwechokwadi.
Midhiya yakasiyana inogona kushandisa akasiyana vortex sensing matekinoroji. Kune chiutsi, dhisiki inodedera kana piezoelectric crystal inogona kushandiswa. Kumhepo, thermal kana ultrasonic inogona kushandiswa. Kumvura, anenge ese matekinoroji ekunzwa anoshanda. Sezvakaita orifice plates, vortex Iyo inoyerera coefficient yemugwagwa inoyerera mita inotarirwawo neseti yezviyero.
Electromagnetic
Rudzi urwu rwekuyerera runoshandisa ukuru hweiyo induced voltage inogadzirwa kana conductive inoyerera ichiyerera kuburikidza nemagnetic field kuti ione kuyerera. Saka inokodzera chete conductive media. Tichifunga, nzira iyi haina kukanganiswa tembiricha, kumanikidza, density uye viscosity yemvura, chiyero chehuwandu chinogona kusvika 100: 1, kunyatsoita kunenge 0.5%, iyo inoshandiswa pombi dhayamita inobva 2mm kusvika 3m, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumvura nemadhaka, Pulp kana corrosive medium flow measurement.
Nekuda kwechiratidzo chisina simba, iyoelectromagnetic flowmeterinowanzova 2.5-8mV chete pachiyero chakazara, uye chiyero chekuyerera chiri chiduku zvikuru, mamiriyoni mashomanana chete, ayo anogona kukanganisa kupindira kwekunze. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti imba yekutapurirana, waya yakadzivirirwa, mugero wekuyeresa, uye mapaipi kumativi ese emupepeti anofanirwa kudzikwa uye kuseta imwe nzvimbo yekugadzika. Usambofa wakabatanidza kune yeruzhinji nzvimbo yemamotor, midziyo yemagetsi, nezvimwe.
Ultrasonic mhando
Mhando dzinonyanyozivikanwa dzemamita ekuyerera iDoppler kuyerera kwemamita uye nguva musiyano wekuyerera mita. Iyo Doppler flowmeter inoona kuyerera kweyero zvichienderana nekuchinja kwehuwandu hwemasaisai eruzha anoratidzwa nechinangwa chekufamba mumvura yakayerwa. Iyi nzira yakakodzera kuyera mvura inomhanya-mhanya. Hazvina kukodzera kuyera mvura shoma shoma, uye kururamisa kwakaderera, uye kutsetseka kwemadziro emukati wepombi kunoda kuti kuve kwakakwirira, asi dunhu rayo riri nyore.
Musiyano wenguva flowmeter inoyera chiyero chekuyerera zvinoenderana nemusiyano wenguva pakati pekumberi nekumashure kupararira kwemafungu e ultrasonic mune jekiseni fluid. Sezvo ukuru hwekusiyana kwenguva hudiki, kuitira kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuyera kuyerwa, zvinodiwa zvemagetsi edunhu zvakakwirira, uye mutengo wemamita unowedzera zvinoenderana. Iyo mutsauko wenguva flowmeter inowanzokodzera yakachena laminar kuyerera mvura ine yunifomu inoyerera velocity ndima. Kune zvinwiwa zvinonetsa, akawanda-beam nguva musiyano inoyerera inogona kushandiswa.
Momentum rectangle
Iyi mhando ye flowmeter yakavakirwa pamusimboti wekuchengetedza nguva yekumhanya. Mvura inokanganisa chikamu chinotenderera kuti chiite kutenderera, uye kumhanya kwechikamu chinotenderera kunoenderana nekuyerera. Wobva washandisa nzira dzakaita semagnetism, optics, uye mechanic counting kushandura sipidhi kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi kuverenga mwero wekuyerera.
Turbine flowmeter ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye yakakwirira-chaiyo mhando yemhando iyi yechiridzwa. Inokodzera gasi uye liquid media, asi yakasiyana zvishoma mukugadzirisa. Kune gasi, iyo impeller angle idiki uye nhamba yemashizha yakakura. , Kururama kweiyo turbine flowmeter inogona kusvika 0.2% -0.5%, uye inogona kusvika 0.1% munzvimbo yakamanikana, uye turndown ratio ndeye 10: 1. Kurasikirwa kwekumanikidzwa kudiki uye kushomeka kwekudzivirira kwakakwira, asi ine zvimwe zvinodiwa pahutsanana hwemvura, uye inobatwa nyore nyore nedensity uye viscosity yemvura. Iyo diki dhayamita yegomba, iyo yakakura kukanganisa. Kufanana neplate ye orifice, ita shuwa kuti pane zvakakwana pamberi uye mushure mekuisa nzvimbo. Yakatwasuka pombi chikamu kudzivirira kutenderera kwemvura uye kushandura kona yekuita pane blade.
Positive displacement
Nheyo yekushanda yerudzi urwu rwechiridzwa chinoyerwa zvichienderana nekufamba chaiko kwehuwandu hwakatarwa hwemvura yega yega kutenderera kwemuviri unotenderera. Dhizaini yechiridzwa chakasiyana, senge oval gear flowmeter, rotary piston flowmeter, scraper flowmeter uye zvichingodaro. Rudzi rweoval gear flowmeter yakakura, inogona kusvika 20: 1, uye iko kurongeka kwakakwira, asi giya rinofamba riri nyore kubatwa nekusachena mumvura. Iyo yeyuniti yekuyerera mwero weiyo inotenderera piston flowmeter yakakura, asi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvechimiro, iyo yekuvuza vhoriyamu yakakwira. Huru, kusarurama kwakashata. Iyo yakanaka displacement flowmeter yakanyatso yakazvimirira kubva kune fluid viscosity, uye inokodzera midhiya yakaita segirisi nemvura, asi haina kukodzera midhiya senge chiutsi nemhepo.
Imwe neimwe yeyataurwa pamusoro apa flowmeters ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira, asi kunyangwe iri mhando yemamita, zvigadzirwa zvinopihwa nevagadziri vakasiyana zvine maitiro akasiyana emaitiro.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-15-2021